The Holy Quran

The Holy Quran is divided into 30 parts, each single is c eached Seepara. It has 114 sections or chapters which are called Surahs. Each Chapter of unequal length, consists of individual Ayat or verses. These verses are not decided by human beings, and dictated by God. there are in total 6,666 verses in the Holy Quran. Surah al Baqarah (Ch.2 ) is the longest Chapter comprising 287 verses term Surah al Kauthar( Ch. 108) is the shortest with only four verses including the tasmia. Out of the 114 Surahs, 85 Surahs were revealed in Mecca while 29 Surahs were revealed in Madinah.?Introduction of Surah Al FatihaSurah al-Fatiha is the first chapter of the Quran. The word Fatiha comes from the verb Fataha which instrument to open. Al is a defined article and Fatiha means the opening Surah.It consists of 7 verses, 29 words and 139 letters. It belongs to Juz? 1.There are various names of Surah Al Fatiha such as Umm al-Quran, the Mother of the Quran, and Umm al-Kitab, the Mother of the Book because the inwardness of the entire Quran is summarised therein.It is also named SabulMathani, (the vii Often Repeated Verses), Al-Hamd, (the Praise), Al-Shifa (The Cure) and ArRuqya, the Spiritual Cure. Its employment is a condition for the effectiveness of the prayer.It is mecci surah and It was initially the 5th chapter to be disclosed but after Furqan e Hameed was assembled together, it was post at the beginning. Al-Fatiha itself means The Opening as this chapter comes right at the start of the Holy Book and serves as a Gateway to read Quran Majeed further. root of SurahThe Surah is prayer to Almighty Allah for guidance from bad kit and boodle and to acquire us to the straight path, the path of authentic and true muslims which only Allah hobo grant us. Allah is the close magnificent and bountiful He alone should be asked for second and He has bestowed countless favours on His creation. He is supreme justice and everybody will bind to resolving Him of their every go od or bad deed on the sidereal day of Judgment. Supplication is the core to worship and The Holy Quran encourages the believers for petitioning.And your Lord said, Invoke me, I will respond to your supplications. Allah always protect His creation from going on the path of evils.?Virtues of Surah Al Fatiha It is a Pillar of SalahThis Surah is very important because without its recitation of prayers become invalid. The greatness of this Surah is described in the pursuit HadithDo you want me to teach you a Surah the like of which has not been revealed in the Torah, the Injeel, the Zabur, nor the Quran?, and also asked what He recited in His prayers. He replied Umm-ul-Quran (Surah Fatiha) the Prophet (PBUH) proclaimed, By Him in Whose dominion my soul is, nothing like it has been revealed in the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, or the Quran and it is seven of the oft-repeated verses in the Mighty Quran which I have been accustomed. (Tirmidhi) It is Cure of diseases and cure for HeartYo u (Oh Allah) we worship and from you do we seek stand by. (Ibn Qayim). Hazrat Abu Saeed al-Khudri narratesWhile on a jaunt we halted at a place.A girl came to us and said The principal of this tribe has been stung by a scorpion and our men are not pre move, is there anybody amongst you who can recite something upon him to treat him? Then, one of our men went along with her although we did not think that he knew any such treatment. However, our friend went to the chief and recited something upon him and the chief was cured. Thereupon, the chief gave him thirty sheep and gave us all milk to drink.When he returned, we asked our friend Did you know anything to recite upon him to cure him? He said No, I only recited Umm al-Kitab (i.e. Surah al-Fatiha) upon him. We said that do not do anything until we reach Madinah and ask the Prophet regarding this (practice and rewardwhether the sheep were lawful or not for us).Upon reaching Madinah, we narrated this to the Prophet (PBUH), whereupon he remarked How did he come to know that Al-Fatiha can be used as a cure? (PBUH) Distribute your reward amongst yourselves and a lot a share for me as well. (Sahih Bukhari). Light sent from heavenAn Angel addressed the Prophet (SAW) saying,Rejoice in two lights brought to you which have not been brought to any prophet before you, Al-Fatiha and the last verses of Al- Baqarah.Ibn Abbas narratedWhile Jibril was with the courier of Allah, he heard a noise from above. Jibril lifted his sight to the sky and said This is a door in the Heavens being open up, and it has never been opened before now. An Angel descended from that door and came to the Prophet and said Receive the glad tidings of two lights that you have been given, which no other Prophet before you was given the Opening of the Book (Al Fatiha) and the last verses of al-Baqarah. You will not read a letter of them except that you will gain its benefit. (Sahih Muslim).B. Tafseer of Surah Al Fatiha The Verses of the Surah areIn T he pass water of Allah, The Beneficent, The Merciful.(All) extolment is (only) Allahs, the Lord of the Worlds.The Beneficent, The Merciful.Master of the Day of Judgement.Thee (alone) do we worship and of Thee (only) do we seek help.Guide us (O Lord) on the Straight Path.The path of those upon whom Thou hast bestowed Thy bounties, not (the path) of those inflicted with Thy wrath, nor (of those) gone astray.In The Name Of ALLAHThe first ayah of Surah Fatiha is In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Most Merciful. (Al-Fatiha 1) This phrase is known as the bismillah. It is good to recite it before doing any action. The intend of letter BaaThe Baa in the Arabic language can have three different implicationsWith With / In the name of AllahSeeking help Seeking help of the name of AllahSeeking blessing Seeking blessing with the name of AllahThe meaning of Al Rehman and Al RaheemBoth these names are derived from the same root letters raa, haa, meem which means to have mercy. They a re thus similar in meaning and both are connected to Allahs (SWT) Mercy.The fact that Allah (SWT) mentions two of His Names which have to do with Mercy, kinda than Might and Power or so on, shows just how important this Attribute is. The difference between al-Rahman and al-Raheem is that al-Rahman refers to Allahs (SWT) Mercy to all of creation. It is His Mercy which is extended to both believers and disbelievers animals, and everything that exists.He says in the Quran My Mercy encompasses all things. (Al-Araf 156) Al-Rahman therefore indicates the extreme vastness of Allahs (SWT) Mercy. It is mentioned in a hadith that Allah (SWT) divided Mercy into 100 parts and sent follow up only one part to this dunya. It is from this one part of His Mercy that animals show mercy to their offspring (Sahih Muslim).Al-Raheem refers to Allahs (SWT) Mercy which is specific for the believers.He says in the Quran And He is extensive of Mercy to the Believers. (al-Ahzab 43) al-Raheem therefore indi cates the doing of an action.All praise is due to ALLAHThe second ayah is All praise be to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds. (Al-Fatiha 2) The Meaning of Hamd and the Difference between Hamd and Shukr Hamd means praise and also thankfulness. The scholars differed as to the relation between the words hamd and shukr. Some said that they both have the same meaning.So, the meaning of hamd, in their view, is the same as shukr (thankfulness, gratitude). Hamd is something which mustiness be done with love and reverence, but shukr does not need this. Shukr is done in response to a favour which is done to a person but hamd is done simply because the one being praised and thanked is worthy of that.The meaning of RabbRabb is usually translated as Lord but it is much more encompassing than that. It also includes the meaning of Nurturer, Sustainer, Cherisher and so on.The Rabb is the creator, king, master and the one who controls everything. It comes from the root letters raa, baa, baa which means to have mastery and control over something.The Beneficent and Most MercifulThe comment of these two names has already been given.Why then is it repeated? This is to once again emphasis the importance of the quality of mercy. Also, when something is repeated in the Quran, then you should tactile sensation at the ayah before it and after it, to see how they are related. In this case, the previous ayah mentioned that Allah (SWT) is the Rabb of all the worlds. So, His repeating the words, al-Rahman al-Raheem after that, shows us that His being the Rabb His taking of and sustaining and providing for us is all part of His Mercy towards us.Master of Day of JudgementGod is the Lord of the Day when all generations of mankind gather together on order to bring back an account of their conduct, and when each person will be finally rewarded or punished for his deeds. The description of God as Lord of the Day of Judgement following the mention of his benevolence and compassion indicate s that we ought to remember another aspect of God as well-namely, that He will judge us all, that He is so perfectly powerful, that on the Day of Judgement no one will have the power either to resist the enforcement of punishments that He decrees or to prevent anyone from receiving the rewards that He decides to confer.Hence, we ought not only to love Him for nourishing and sustaining us and for His compassion and mercy towards us, but should also hold Him in awe because of His justice, and should not forget that our ultimate rejoicing or misery rests completely with Him.Guides us on the Straight pathThis ayah is a dua which we make to Allah (SWT).We ask Him to show us the Straight Path and to guide us on it, so that we will get His Guidance which draws us closer and nearer to Him. We need to struggle towards Allah (SWT) by doing good deeds and by staying away from all bad deeds which will distance us from Him.The meaning of Siraat and mustaqeemSiraat is a road or path.The conditi ons are that it must be straight. It must reach the goal and it must be the shortest route to get there. It must also be wide and spacious enough for everyone who wants to travel it.Mustaqeem is derived from istaqaama, which means to be straight, upright, correct. We already said that for a road to be a sirat it must be straight, so this adjective of mustaqeem again emphasis the straightness of this Path.Another meaning of mustaqeem is to remain firm or to stand firm without tilting. For example, a tree that is firmly grounded when the wind blows it is not affected by it. So, the Straight Path is a path on which wad are firmly grounded.The Path of ThoseThe path of those you have blessed, not of those with anger on them, nor of those who are astray. (Al-Fatiha 7) Who are the people who have been blessed by Allah (SWT) and whose Path we ask to guide to?This is explained by Allah (SWT) in another ayah where He says Whosoever obeys Allah, and the Messenger, they are with those whom All ah has favored, the Prophets, the sincere, the martyrs and the righteous, and these are the best company. (Al-Nisa 69) So, the favored and blessed people are the Prophets, the righteous, the martyrs and the pious. And who are the people with anger on them and those who are astray?This is explained by the Prophet. Adi ibn Hatim (RA) asked him to the highest degree those with anger on them and he replied that it refers to the Jews. He then asked him about those who are astray and he replied that it refers to the Christians. This is reported by al-Tirmidhi and is authentic.C. Impact of Surah Al-Fatiha on the life of a Muslim as servant of Allah.We start all our deeds with the name of Allah Almighty. Since he is the most merciful and beneficent.We should ask Allah Almighty for his mercy and benefits.So a believer becomes solely dependent of Allah Almighty and does not seek help or refuge from anybody else.We should praise Allah Almighty for he is our creator and of the universe. So a b eliever praises Allah Almighty since he is the creator of everything.Since Allah Almighty is the master of the Day of Judgment so a believer asks Allah Almighty for forgiveness.A Believer asks Allah Almighty to put him on the path of pious people and help be among the ones who were rewarded and not the ones who went astray.

Hrm Change Model

Understanding this model and Its underlying concepts therefore helps us understand why the otherwise change models are effective in overcoming resistance to change, and in creating an environment that is conducive to permanent change. The refreezing carry out happens once the desired state has been reached. When the desired state Is reached, the forces that are holding this new state In equilibrium are again identified, and now reinforced or frozen into place through a variety of actions. 2) Action Research baffle The Action Research Model has two major phases.A preceding or preparatory phase, and so a cycle phase. * In the preliminary phase, the problem Is first Identified. It refers to the item that something which needs to be changed, Is identified. * Consultation is then held with a behavioral science expert, for example an ODD consultant, an giving medicational psychologist, or someone similar who can shed light on typical causes and solutions for such a problem, based on certain existing models. This consultation leads to the planning of a method for diagnosis. Data is then gathered and analyzed, and a preliminary diagnosis is done.Therefore it does not need a 1 OFF mind-set that things could be better. * The first step is therefore simply initiating an enquiry. Often, this enquiry will not be very(prenominal) specific. It could be a team wanting to improve in some area, or it could be an disposal identifying that it needs to improve something, e. G. Profitability or market share but it might not be sure what to change. * The services of an expert, together with research of the organization and other organizations are utilized to identify the things that the organization has done really well, in the past.It could be compared to a story come aparting process where organization members tell stories of the things theyd done really well. * These success stories are then analyzed to identify the organizations major strengths. Themes of strengths are then discovered. * Based on these strengths, the organization designs for itself an ideal in store(predicate). The organization then designs ways to achieve that future, and implements those plans 4) General Model of Planned Change a) Entering and Contracting The first set of activities in planned change concerns immersion and contracting.Those events help managers decide whether they want to engage further in a planned change platform and to commit resources to such a process. Entering an organization involves gathering initial data to understand the problems go about the organization or the positive opportunities for inquiry. Once this information is collected, the problems or opportunities are discussed with managers and other organization members to interrupt a contract or agreement to engage in planned change.The contract spells out future change activities, the resources that will be committed to the process, and how ODD practitioners and organization members will be involved. B) Diagnosing In this stage of planned change, the client system is carefully studied. Diagnoses can . Focus on understanding organizational problems, including their causes and consequences, or on identifying the organizations positive attributes. The diagnostic process is one of the most important activities in ODD. C) preparation and Implementing Change

Jean Baudrillard’s concept of the orders of simulacra Essay

A commodity appears at world-class sight, a actually trivial thing, and easily chthonianstood. Its analysis shows that it is in reality, a very queer thing, abounding in metaphysical subtleties and theological niceties (Marx).It has long been a condition of western culture to act for the accumulation of material objects. This is in part due to the capitalist nature of the world within which we live. Marx identifies in The Critique of Capitalism the issuance of two recent classes of people, namely capitalists and labourers. The term capitalist describes any person who has personal birthership of capital, which consists of stark materials, instruments of labour and means of subsistence (Marx). In contrast a labourer has only the set of his labour (life activity), which he exchanges with the capitalist for a wage and as such the worker sinks to the level of commodity (Marx).Beca riding habit the labourer produces for the capitalist a commodity of greater value than that of his wages and in growth those wages ar compensable back to the capitalist in return for subsistence, thus social control in exerted over the functional class, whilst providing the capitalist with excess commodity. The labourer consentingly becomes a slave to the system on which he depends. In addition Marx states that as the relation amid capitalist and labourer (manufacturer and consumer) develops, so disputation between rival capitalists becomes apparent.In progeny the capitalist is forced to capture more of the market by selling goods more chintzily by the consolidation and exploitation of labour power e.g. by machinery. Such a strategy finally limits the demand for labour and so new industries must be developed for exploitation. These new industries are required because capital exists only in relation to its ability to command labour and social control and as such they reciprocally condition the conception of each other (Marx). These forced increases in demand and theref ore increaseion are evident in the contemporary world market.Important to the development of Capitalism is the use of m adepty which abstracts labour and commodity set to a common unit for the purpose of trade. In case the labourer discovers that the product of his activity is not the object of his activity (Marx) thus a level of synopsis occurs, which was consistent with the modern fontist values of the time.Karl Marx and early capitalism were mainly concerned with production which remains important nevertheless it was Situationist, Guy Debord, who gave the first insights into late capitalism and the theories that best apply to todays world economics and culture of commodities. Debord, in his book The Society of the Spectacle, bases his examination of commodities around use, media, in playation and technology. As such Debord suggests that in societies where modern conditions of production prevail, all of life presents itself as an immense accumulation of spectacles. Everythi ng that was directly lived has moved away(p) into a representation. By this he means to describe the world and its products as mere appearances, where the real meanings and values of commodities are translated into propertys.Essentially it is a world vision that has been objectified (Debord). Debord explains the phenomenon of the spectacle as resulting from the ever increasing production of capitalism. Because competition between capitalists inevitably leads to an excess of produce, so consumer demand must be increased. Such an increase is governable by the spectacle as the real consumer becomes a consumer of illusions, (Debord) so he mass be manipulated to believe he must consume beyond the elemental necessity for survival e.g. leisure products. Therefore the spectacles form and content are identically the total justification of the existing systems conditions and goals (Debord).The spectacle is intermediate in society as information or propaganda, as advertisement or direct e ntertainment consumption, (Debord). The effects of the mediated spectacle tend to lead the consumer to an experience of alienation as the consumers want for commodities is dictated to serve and find capitalism. In addition the spectacle constantly reinforces itself, for use the television, which is in itself a product of the spectacle that is then used by the capitalist to implement the advertisement of other spectacles.Essentially the spectacle is the nightmare of imprisoned modern society (Debord) and explains the spiritual rebirth from the degradation of universe into having to having into appearing (Debord).Jean Baudrillard took Marxs Critique of Capitalism and Debords The Society of the Spectacle to their conclusions with his own theory of dissembling and simulacra. Similar to the idea of the spectacle, Baudrillard describes a world where the subject of everything has been replaced by a semiological value that has become more important than the original, real meaning of t he object. This object he calls a simulacra. In Simulacra and theoretical account Baudrillard adds extra complexity to these ideas by establishing a hierarchy of simulation, which he gives four decrees. In the first order the object is a copy of an original and so can be linked to a basic reality, for example a pullulate of an actual event.The second order of simulation misrepresents the original subject in the example the photography has been digitally manipulated in Photoshop to present a non-occurrence. In the trine order a reality is recreated from a simulation of an original reality, when in fact, through the process of simulacra, the original has been lost, e.g. a setting is recreated from the digitally manipulated photograph of the original event. Finally, the forth order of simulation is the combined process of the first, second and third order to such an cessation that the object bears no relation to reality or the original, for example the photograph has become a vir tual reality.In this instance the link between reality and the signifying systems is almost inconceivable to ascertain, thus creating a hyper-reality. It is the use of one simulacra as a basis for the formation of another simulacra that shows the first signs of relevance to post modernity. Consequently, in post modernism, everything is understood in relation to everything that has come before, which in be after manifests itself in referencing. Post modernism is also concerned with the fact that there is no right or wrong and essentially that no real truth exists.It is of course possible for a sign to form a transition through all four of the orders of simulation, constantly abstracting meaning and widening the gap between simulation and reality. However due to the complexity of repeated abstraction and signification it becomes necessary for an amount of speculation and simplification to occur when examining transitional examples. If we take, for example, the now famous emblem of automotive company Rolls Royce, it becomes apparent the extent to which a symbolic object can be re-simulated, each time loosing a part of its original meaning. Spirit of Ecstasy, designed by sculptor Charles Sykes and mass produced in 1911, is a jog metal emblem representing the figurine of a girl with arms outstretched to hold the folds of her gown blowing in the breeze.To the present day this emblem has been displayed on the bonnets of Rolls Royce cars and is the first order of simulation in terms of it being a representation of a real person from which the sculpture has been modelled. The object also references the figure heads of pure sailing ships in an attempt to convey the automotive product as an elegant, quite and reliable vehicle, which were the mediated associations with the brand during the early development of the company. In this instance the object enters the third order of simulation as a real event (model posing for sculptor) is created from an existing symbolic object (sailing boat figure heads) in order to be recreated as a new symbolic object (Spirit of Ecstasy emblem).At this battery-acid it is important to note that this example as an investigation could examine many more stages of referencing prior to the signs use as figure heads, though this could prove too difficult and inaccurate, again reinforcing the existence of a hyper-reality.The afternoon tea pot, designed by Michael Graves in 1985 for Alessi, brings the symbol to its conclusion. The tea pot employs a plastic emblem of a bird that is attached to the spout of the kettle and creates a whistling entropy when the water is boiled. This creates a pun between the whistling of a kettle and the singing of bird alone more importantly, its similar visual appearance (i.e. the wings of the bird and the outstretched arms and gown of the girl) makes a reference of Rolls Royce cars.Because during the late 20th century the values associated with Rolls Royce set about matured to convey the brand as one of top class and status, so it are these value that are associated with Graves tea pot, supposed to the original associations that Rolls Royce was referencing from classic sailing ships. Therefore the product has clearly entered the forth order of simulation is it holds no relation to the original meaning that the original object as sign attempted to represent. Also, by referencing past signs, it can be described as a post modern object.Like Debord, Baudrillard hold that simulation was important to the survival of capitalism as it, through mediation, can control the level of consumption within society. Baudrillard used the term valorisation to describe the process through which symbolic objects attain value. An excellent example of valorisation is Pokemon cards, which are essentially printed illustrations on card and so their use value is very low. However, via mediation, Pokemon cards have been given a simulated symbolic value that has made them desirable and powe rful as a commodity.As well as design, Baudrillards theory of simulation and simulacra has also proved influential in film making, for example in The Matrix, directed by the Wachowski brothers. The Matrix is set in the hereafter at a time when the real world has been reduced to a desert waste land by a war between humanity and machines after the invention of artificial intelligence. Because the machines are dependent on solar power, the humans have caused the equivalent of a nuclear winter by barricade out sunlight. This has caused the machines to retaliate by imprisoning humans in gel filled pods so that energy can be extracted from them in the form of heat. In order to control the humans in this procedure a computer simulated world called the ground substance exists, that all of the imprisoned humans are connected to, upkeep their lives in what they believe is the late 20th century, oblivious to the fact that their real bodies are in stasis in the real world.The film therefor e acts as a metaphor for contemporary western cultures. Firstly the matrix is an existence of the fourth order of simulation in that it is a system of mere signs that are tout ensemble detached from reality, i.e. hyper-reality. Just as in contemporary cultures, the people who live in the matrix are unaware that they are controlled by a system through simulation. You are a slave, neo, like everyone else you were natural into bondage, born into a prison that you cannot smell or taste or touch, a prison for your learning ability What is the matrix? Control. The matrix is a computer generated dream world built to keep us under control in order to change a human being into this (he holds up a papal bull battery) (Morpheus talking to Neo, The Matrix).In addition the film suggests that the prisoners of the Matrix are also dependant upon it, to the extent that they pass on fight to protect it. Baudrillards idea of mediasation appears in the film when it is suggested that there was a mac hine spawning a whole race of machines (Morpheus talking to Neo, The Matrix), thus the social control of the machines (mediation of signs) increasingly exert themselves with every new generation. Interestingly The Matrix seems to offer a solution to simulation and social control by the system, which is one of enlightenment. Once Neo understands the systems and can see the signs (computer code) of the matrix for what they really are, then he can recognise to follow a different set of rules thus gaining control of his environment.As well as a theological basis on Baudrillard, The Matrix tends to convey the story via symbolic references and thus is post modern by nature. For example the follow the sporting rabbit scene employs a tattoo of a white rabbit, which is referenced from Alice in Wonderland in order to convey the uncertainty in discovering the truth of an alternate reality. In the same scene Neo also opens a copy Baudrillards Simulacra and Simulation in effect reinforcing lin ks to that element of the film.In conclusion, I have identified the main themes surrounding Baudrillards orders of simulacra and simulation, shown how they mention to modern and post modern design and have given contemporary examples of their use in product design and film making. I believe that such an discernment of simulation has served well to better understanding referencing in post modernity.ReferencesDebord, G., (1977) The Society of the Spectacle, Black & RedPoster, M., (1998) Jean Baudrillard Selected Writings, Polity PressTucker, R. C., (1978) The Marx Engels Reader fleck Edition, Norton & CompanyBibliographyHebdige, D., (1994) Hiding in the Light, Routledgehttp//www.geneseo.edu/bicket/panop/baudrillard.hthttp//www.artisanitorium.thehydden.com/nonfiction/film/matrix.htmhttp//www.rolls-roycemotorcars.com/master_frame.html

Marketing Week

The consumer leave alone have convenient remonstration while traveling and while not having to pay for a taxi or bus service. D. Television Home Shopping Programs The consumer go away experience convenience from not having to go eachwhere to shop, and they can feel smashing deals on all sorts of merchandise. 2 Each of the four ingatherings, service, or political platforms in question 1 has substitutes. Respective casings ( a ) a ham and lump breakfast, (b ) regular tennis raiment, (c ) victorious a bus, ( d ) a department store.What consumer benefits might these substitutes have in each case that whatever consumers might value more highly than t hose down mentioned in question 1 ? A. A Ham and egg sandwich It may be more appealing to a consumer to eat food instead of a drink. The meal may contain more protein and keep the consumer fuller than the drink. B. Regular Tennis Shoes The app bel can be recitationd for multiple functions, and they may cost much less. C. Taking a wad You depart not have to deal with any part of the rental car, like papers, picking it up, and ride it back. Taking the bus can be much keeper and you will not have to find a parking spot. What argon the characteristics (e. G. Age, income, education) of the tar array commercialise customers for the following products or services? A ) home(a) Geographic magazine, ( b ) People magazine, ( c ) New York Giants football team, ( d ) the U. S. Open tennis tournament. A. issue Geographic The target would be people interested in nature and photography of any grow since that is what the magazine centers around. 8. People Magazine The target would be people who want to catch up on the latest celebrity and trending news. Think the target audience is older people, possibly teens or older, but any could enjoy this magazine.C. New York Giants Football Team This target audience is people interested in football. The sterile audience would be older ales but of course females and kids lik e football too. D. The U. S. Open Tennis tournament This would target sports fans, specifically tennis ones. There isnt an age target here since anyone can like tennis. 4 A college in a metropolitan area wishes to increase its evening-school offerings Of business- related courses such as market, accounting, finance, and management. Who are the target market customers (students) for these courses? A.The target students would be people with full duration day jobs, adults with full time jobs or children/family to take care of, or people who do not like to get up first for school. What actions involving the four marketing mix elements might be used to reach the target market in question 4? Promotion, Product, Place, and Price A. Promotion Different methods can be used to parent the night kines so people can meet that they are being offered. Posters or emails could be move out to students. B. Product Night time classes differ from day time ones because of the time they are taught .This will really sell the night time classes to the target group. C. Place The location will also divine service get more people involved in the night time classes. If it is convenient to any people, hypothesize just n campus, then more will sign up. D. Price If the toll of each class is fairly reasonable, students will sign up through that school instead of a different one. 6 What environmental forces (uncontrollable variables) must the college in question 4 consider in designing Its marketing program? A. 7 Does a firm have the right to create wants and try to persuade consumers to pervert nices and services they didnt know about earlier?What are examples of good and bad want creation? Who should decide what is good and bad? A. It is hard to ordain if a firm can create wants, but I would say they definitely o create them whether they mean to or not. Think they do have a right to, but to a point. They cant force people to want something people may or may not like it. B. Good Example A good example would be promoting a 100% crop juice for children. It is healthy and tastes good. They could want it, and it wouldnt be something harmful to their health. C. Bad Example A bad example would be something that is dangerous to the target audience.Like say guns or knives that are targeted for middle school children. IT can be harmful to them. D. It is hard to say who should decide what is good and ad. If something is incredibly bad I think something of high power should decide. Like if it is a food product then the head of the department of agriculture could decide. building YOUR MARKETING PLAN If your j teacher assigns a marketing plan for your class, dont make a reflection and complain about the tame for two special reasons. First, you will get insights into trying to actually do marketing that often go beyond what you can get by simply reading the textbook.Second, thousands of graduating students either year get their first job by showing prospective e mployers a portfolio of samples of their written work from college often a marketing plan if they have one. This can work for you. This Building Your Marketing externalize section at the end of each chapter suggests ways to improve and focus your marketing plan. You will use the sample marketing plan in Appendix A (following Chapter 2) as a guide, and this section aft(prenominal) each chapter will help you apply those Appendix A ideas to your own marketing plan.The first measuring stick in writing a good marketing plan is to have a business or product that en therefromes you and for which you can get detailed information, so oh can avoid glittering generalities. We offer these redundant bits of advice in selecting a topic Do pick a topic that has personal interest for you a family business, a business or product you or a friend might want to launch, or a student organization needing marketing help. Do not pick a topic that is so large it cant be covered adequately or so abstra ct it will lack specifics. direct to get you started on your marketing plan, list four or five possible topics and compare these with the criteria your instructor suggests and those shown above. Think hard because your decision will be with you all term and ay influence the quality of the resulting marketing plan you show to a prospective employer. Affordable Fashion From trendy clothing to stylish shoes Pro Affordable Con Other Companies like it Dress for a cause for every special event dress bought, one is donated to girls in need Pro good cause, many people buy special occasion dresses Con Price?Spike trendy shoes for a reasonable price Pro good prices for shoes, many women want to buy them Con Other companies, ex. Just FAA, Shoe bedaze Edam Lips Cruelty Free, All Natural, good on sensitive skin, lip products Pro Many women buy cosmetics, good product (all natural/ cruelty exculpate) Con Many separate cosmetic companies, other brands with cruelty free or all natural, ex. ONYX or Burrs Bees 2 When you have selected your marketing plan topic, whether the plan is for an actual business, a possible business, or a student organization, write the company description in your plan, as shown in Appendix A.Possible Business- Edam Edam provides luxury for your lips. With lip sticks, lip gloss, lip stains, lip liners, and more. Have faith in your Edam products. They are never tested on animals, always made with all natural products, and never harmful to hose with sensitive skin. Extravagance you can see, at a price that wont hurt your wallet. Find everything you need for your accurate lip look with Edam. VIDEO CASE QUESTIONS 1 (a) How did ms David Winooski get ideas from college students to help him in designing the nett commercial version of the Post-it oarlock Highlighter? B) How were these ideas important to the SUCCeSS of the product? A. He first looked in the students backpacks to get a feel for what many students used on a day to day basis. He early highli ghter models and interviewed students to see what their needs were. B. By seeing what the students would use and want, Winooski was able to create a successful product. His tests and trials were place to good use, as he ditched the failed ones and improved on the successful ones. 2 What (a) special advantages and (b) potential problems did MM have in introducing a new highlighter-with-flags product for college students?A. Special Advantages They created a brand new product that no one had ever used before. It could be something that only they would make money off of. B. authorization Problems Since the product was new, it still could not work out for them. People could not buy it as they hoped they would. In turn they could then lose money. 3 Visit your college bookstore before you answer. (a) Where would you display the Post-it Flag Highlighter in a college bookstore, and (b) how can the display increase student awareness of the product?A. Would display it by the other school sup plies. I would put it towards the front of the display so students can see it. B. Students can see the product and buy it. Other students can see them with it and in turn buy it as well, thus increase sales. 4 In what ways might MM try to promote its Post- t Flag Highlighter and make students more aware of the product? A. They could put ads in magazine that are targeted to students. When students read the magazine, they will see the product and may want to buy it.

British and American Press

5. British and American Press Nearly 80% of all households in Britain demoralize a copy of one of the main national written document every day the British be the third biggest newspaper readers. Newspaper publications atomic number 18 dominated by the national press. Non-national, local anaesthetic and regional papers, with operative circulations argon published mostly in the evenings, when they dont compete with national ones. The Sunday papers are mostly national, they cheat slightly more copies and thicker.British paper round is organized to provide masses with their morning papers delivered to their door by a teenager who gets up at around half-past quint every day in order to earn a it of extra pocket money. There are 2 types of national papers broadsheets or quality papers cater for the better educated readers, and tabloids sell to a much larger readership with more pictures than print. Broadsheets devote much space to politics and serious topics, they are twice as lar ge as tabloids which concentrate on human interest stories like commove and scandal and cover it in a simpler style of English.None of the big national newspaper belongs to a political party. However each paper has an idea of what kind of reader it is appealing and has a fairly certain political outlook. If you go into any well-stocked newsagents in Britain, you will find rows and rows of magazines catering for about every imaginable taste and specializing in roughly every imaginable pas age. Among these publications there are a few weeklies dealing with news and current affairs, and they manage to achieve a circulation of more than a snow thousand.The most influential British nonchalant paper is THE TIMES. It was founded by John Walter in 1785 as THE day-by-day UNIVERSAL REGISTER, then re cited THE TIMES in 1788. Was also called as THUDERER for its formidable editorials (was the 1st paper to engross foreign correspondents). Its prestige raised due to marketing slogan TOP PE OPLE READ THE TIMES. like a shot is owned by the international press magnate Rupert Murdoch. Its published in London with a circulation of almost 450000. American Press. Newspapers chip in declined in their influence and penetration into American households over the years.The U. S. does not have a national paper. Although the Times primary audience has always been the people of New York City, the New York Times has gradually hold out the dominant national newspaper of record. With very few exceptions, all the newspapers in the U. S. are privately owned, all by large chains such asGannettorMcClatchy, which own dozens or even hundreds of newspapers by small chains that own a handful of papers or in a situation that is increasingly rare, by individuals or families.Most general-purpose newspapers are either being printed one time a week, usually on Thursday or Friday, or are printed daily. Weekly newspapers tend to have much smaller circulation and are more prevalent in rural commu nities or small towns. study cities often have alternative weeklies to complement the mainstream daily paper(s), for example, New York CitysVillage Voiceor Los AngelesL. A. Weekly, to name two of the best-known.Major cities may also support a local business journal, trade papers relating to local industries, and papers for local ethnic and social groups. Probably due to competition from other media, the number of daily newspapers in the U. S. has declined over the past half-centuryIn particular, the number of evening newspapers has fallen by almost one-half since 1970, patch the number of morning editions and Sunday editions has grown.

DBQ: The Battle of Gettysburg Essay

It is 1863, and the people of the United and Confederate States are wondering who will win this Great cultured War. southern General Robert E. Lee decided to make a bold move and marched his troops to daddy to achieve a victory on mating soil. As the news of Lees host reached blue General Meade, they followed in immediate pursuit. The Battle of Gettysburg is a crucial turning point in Civil War due to the termination of the Southern advance into Northern States and it resulted in a alter concussion in the Confederate Armys supply of soldiers.Since the Battle of Gettysburg ceased the Southern progression into the North, it became a critical moment in the Civil War. Document A has shown that battles continued in Southern Territories, such(prenominal) as Georgia, Tennessee, and Missouri after Gettysburg. Without Gettysburgs powerful effect, the Southern Army would throw away continued to have advanced into Northern Territories. The battle proved to be a dramatic change in the No rthern Army, since it allowed more battles to form in the South, but never again in the North. Due to the Battle of Gettysburg, the Union army stomped on Southern efforts to create a win on Union soil and kick the bucket to destructive battles in the South.Furthermore, the battle also consequently caused numerous deaths in the Confederate Army. At Gettysburg, 23 thousand men of the Norths nine-hundred and eighteen thousand army died, while twenty to twenty-five thousand soldiers died out of two-hundred and seventy-eight thousand Southern Army. Therefore, Gettysburg proved to be a major impact on the Southern Armys power to fight the North and diminished the chances of a spring up victory. These casualties reflected in the Confederate Armys commanding generals, which lead to the substandard training and execution of the Southern soldiers in later battles. Without a doubt, Gettysburg demonstrated the power of the Union and shattered the Confederate Army in countless casualties.Thro ugh ceasing Southern advances and extinguishing their army, the Battleof Gettysburg proved to be a tremendously world-shaking turning point in the Great Civil War for the North. Although other major Battles, such as Vicksburg, which gave complete control of the Mississippi River to the North, Gettysburg resulted in more substantial effect in the War. The significance of Gettysburg is shown by the impacts in the Civil War, mainly negatively to the South. The Battle of Gettysburg can be related today because it shows that through and through perseverance the odds will come in your favor.

Education in Japan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Education in Japan - look Paper ExampleIn some cases, reformers have explicitly pointed to education system to have an all-important(a) link to the creation of more efficient and effective learning environments. However, some of these studies also point towards an ontogeny in psychoticlogical problems and many societal issues among Japanese children today. Numbers of studies have proved strong congenator amidst extraordinary lavishly standard of education system and activities of private schools and psychological problems in students of uncomplicated schools in Japan. (Fullan, 35)As long as a child is in Junior High prepare in Japan, he can only attend the school which is located near their home. (Stevenson, Azuma and Hakuta, 210) Though, senior high schools can be go to anywhere within a city this leads to a rivalry between schools, every student becomes willing to go to the best(p) school and every school looks to get the best students of the city. More than 25% of senio r high schools in Japanese cities are owned privately, that shows the degree of the competition at higher levels schooling in Japan. This is the time, when Japanese parents are ready to pay substantial amounts of money to make their children get admission in the best school.According to a survey, 1,073 students of private schools of Japan were observed. aside of them about 67% studied visual and arts subjects such as music, painting, abacus and calligraphy. About 25% of these students attended 3-4 times/ week, and rest of the students about 18% attended these classes 5 or more times in a week. Results showed that increasing attendance of these classes produced dizziness, alteration in sleep pattern and several other psycho physiological problems. Such results warn educationalists and parents both of adverse effects of these extracurricular activities. (Matsumoto, K. Kaku, R. Nakagawa, K and Kaneko,